How to Multiplication of Two digit Numbers Higher then the Base

In the previous chapters, we multiplied numbers which were lesser then the base. Now let us learn the technique where the numbers are higher than the base. ( Using a base of 10 )       (Both numbers are higher than the base.

Multiplication by 14 by 19

STEP – 1: Take the nearest power of 10 to these numbers. Powers of 10 are 10,100,1000,10000.. Thus nearest power of 10 to the numbers 14 and 19 is 10.So we take 10 as our base.

STEP-2 : Write the numbers one below the other.       

STEP-3: Subtract 10 from each of them.

STEP-4: Write down the answer obtained as difference on the right side with a (+) sign to show that the numbers are above 10. 

STEP-5:The product will have two parts, one on the left side and the other on the right hand side. Draw a slant line (slash) (/) to demarcate the two parts. Multiply the difference. The product is the Right Hand Side part of the answer.

STEP-6: The Left Hand Side of the answer can be obtained by cross add, i.e. the number and the difference so we have.

Answer :266

By now, you should know why we added 3 to the left hand side of the number.

Multiplication 21 by 13

Answer :273