How to Math Made Very Easy

Multiplication of Two Digit Numbers Lesser than the Base

In the previous chapter, we used Nikhilam technique to multiply Single digit numbers. We will used the same technique in this chapter to multiply 2 digit number near 100.                                                        (Using a Base of 100) Both numbers are lower then the base.

Multiplication : – 94 by 92 

Step- 1 : Take the nearest power of 10, to these numbers. Powers of 10 are 10,100,1000,10000… Thus nearest power of 10 to the numbers 94 and 92 is 100.So we take 100 as our base.

Step – 2 : Write the numbers one below the other.                                                             

 Step – 3 : Subtract each of them from 100. Write down the answer obtained as difference on the right side with a ( – ) sign to show that the numbers are less then 100.                               

Example-

Step – 4 : The product will have two parts :  One on the left side and other on the right side. Draw a slant line (slash) ( / ) to demarcate the two parts. Multiply the difference. The product is Right Hand Side part of the answer.                   

Step – 5 : The left Hand Side of the answer can be obtained by crosswise addition, i.e. given number and the difference as shown:

                       OR 

Hence, 

Answer is  : 8648

Multiplication : – 98  by 97   

     Answer : 9506

Note – : If Right Hand Side contains less Number of  digits then the number of zeroes in base number ( i.e. 100 ) then,

the remaining digits are filled with Zero or Zeroes on the Left of the Right Hand Side number as shown above. 

Multiplication is an arithmetic operation in mathematics that combines two or more numbers to find their product. It is denoted by the symbol “×” or “*” and is one of the four basic operations, along with addition, subtraction, and division.

In multiplication, the numbers being multiplied are called multiplicands, and the result is called the product. The multiplicands are multiplied together using specific rules to determine the final product. The order of the multiplicands does not affect the result due to the commutative property of multiplication. For example, 2 × 3 is equal to 3 × 2, and both equal 6.

Multiplication is commonly used to find the total when a number is repeated a certain number of times. For instance, 3 × 4 can be interpreted as adding 3 four times: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, which equals 12.

Multiplication is not limited to whole numbers; it can be applied to various types of numbers, including fractions, decimals, integers, and even complex numbers. In each case, there are specific rules and procedures for performing multiplying.

The concept of multiplying is often introduced through the multiplying table, which displays the products of numbers from 1 to 10 (or beyond) in a structured format. Memorizing the multiplication table helps in performing calculations quickly and efficiently.

There are several properties associated with multiplication. The associative property states that the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not affect the product. For example, (2 × 3) × 4 is equal to 2 × (3 × 4), and both equal 24.

The identity element for multiplication is one. When any number is multiplied by one, the result is that number itself. For instance, 5 × 1 equals 5.

 Multiplying distributive over addition, meaning that multiplying a number by the sum of two other numbers is the same as multiplying the number separately by each of the addends and then adding the products. For example, 3 × (4 + 2) is equal to (3 × 4) + (3 × 2), and both equal 18.

In summary, multiply is an arithmetic operation that combines two or more numbers to find their product. It is used for repeated addition, finding areas or volumes, and solving various mathematical problems. Understanding multiply

and its properties is essential for developing mathematical skills and problem-solving abilities.